Principlev1
Map workflows by recording both processing time and waiting
Map workflows by recording both processing time and waiting time for each step to reveal that waiting, not active work, typically constitutes the dominant time consumption.
Why This Is a Principle
This follows from Human memory of task duration is systematically biased and (memory of duration is biased), Context-Dependent Memory Encoding (memory is context-dependent), and The behavior of a system arises from its structure, not from (system behavior from structure). Value stream mapping reveals the structural time consumption that memory and attention miss.